In lifeguarding, when should a backboard be used according to best practices?

The use of a backboard is critical in scenarios involving a suspected spinal injury. This device is specifically designed to stabilize the spine and prevent further injury while moving a victim from the water. When a lifeguard suspects that a victim may have a spinal injury—due to mechanisms such as diving accidents, falls, or other impacts—employing a backboard becomes an essential part of the rescue protocol.

Using a backboard in these cases minimizes the risk of exacerbating potential injuries. The board provides a flat, rigid surface that keeps the victim's body stable, which is crucial for spinal protection during transport and before the individual receives further medical evaluation and treatment.

In contrast, using a backboard for conscious victims or in situations where no spinal injury is suspected does not align with best practices, as this could create unnecessary complications or discomfort. Hence, the choice of employing a backboard should be determined by the presence of a potential spinal injury, initiating appropriate care while ensuring the safety of the victim during rescue efforts.